See gum on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum-digger"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum-digging"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gummy"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "gome"
},
"expansion": "Middle English gome",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "gōma",
"4": "",
"5": "palate"
},
"expansion": "Old English gōma (“palate”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*gōmō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *gōmō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*gōmô"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gōmô",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵʰh₂u-mo-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰh₂u-mo-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵʰeh₂w-",
"4": "",
"5": "to gape, yawn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₂w- (“to gape, yawn”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Gaumen"
},
"expansion": "German Gaumen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gómr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse gómr",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "ko"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian A ko",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "koyṃ",
"3": "",
"4": "mouth"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B koyṃ (“mouth”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "gomurỹs",
"3": "",
"4": "palate"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian gomurỹs (“palate”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English gome, from Old English gōma (“palate”), from Proto-West Germanic *gōmō, from Proto-Germanic *gōmô, *gaumô (“palate”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰh₂u-mo-, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₂w- (“to gape, yawn”).\nSee also German Gaumen, Old Norse gómr, Icelandic gómur; also Tocharian A ko, Tocharian B koyṃ (“mouth”), Lithuanian gomurỹs (“palate”). More at yawn.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gum (plural gums)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "70 12 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Alemannic German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Aragonese translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "51 19 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Aramaic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 21 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Aromanian translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 20 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Asturian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "55 20 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Basque translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "59 17 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bau Bidayuh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 20 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Belarusian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "75 8 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bikol Central translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "55 20 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 21 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Cebuano translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "59 17 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Central Dusun translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "73 9 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Central Kurdish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 32 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Central Melanau translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "61 16 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Chavacano translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "63 15 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Chichewa translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "72 10 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Classical Syriac translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "55 20 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Cornish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 24 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "55 19 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "55 20 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "55 20 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Friulian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 24 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "71 14 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Gulf Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 21 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "57 19 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hiligaynon translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 21 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hindi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "55 20 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 20 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ingrian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "59 17 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Interlingua translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 19 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Inuktitut translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 19 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 19 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 19 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kimaragang translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "55 20 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "58 18 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lao translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 21 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latgalian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 19 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 27 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lombard translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 19 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lotud translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "58 18 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 21 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Luxembourgish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 20 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lü translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 19 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mansaka translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 40 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mongolian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "56 27 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 31 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Navajo translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "72 9 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 21 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 32 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Occitan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 30 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "55 20 25",
"kind": "other",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "55 19 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romansch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "60 17 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Rungus translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "58 30 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Sabah Bisaya translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "55 20 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Sicilian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "80 7 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Southern Altai translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "55 20 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swahili translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "55 20 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tagal Murut translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 20 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Timugon Murut translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 21 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Upper Sorbian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 21 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Urdu translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "59 17 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Venetan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 20 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Volapük translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "61 16 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Waray-Waray translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 27 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with West Coast Bajau translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 40 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with West Frisian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "gumboil"
},
{
"word": "gum-didder"
},
{
"word": "gum disease"
},
{
"word": "gum job"
},
{
"word": "gumless"
},
{
"word": "gummed"
},
{
"word": "gum ridge"
},
{
"word": "gum-ring"
},
{
"word": "gum-rubber"
},
{
"word": "gum shield"
},
{
"word": "gum-stake"
},
{
"word": "gum-tickler"
},
{
"word": "gum-tooth"
},
{
"word": "gumwork"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The flesh around the teeth."
],
"id": "en-gum-en-noun-RB23ThaJ",
"links": [
[
"flesh",
"flesh"
],
[
"teeth",
"tooth"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(often in the plural) The flesh around the teeth."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "medical",
"word": "gingiva"
}
],
"tags": [
"in-plural",
"often"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "tandvleis"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "nullë"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "nullëz"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gingivë"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "liṯa",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "لِثَة"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "laṯa",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "لَثَة"
},
{
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "lesa",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "لثة"
},
{
"code": "afb",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "liṯṯa",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"Gulf-Arabic"
],
"word": "لثة"
},
{
"code": "acw",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "liṯṯa",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"Hijazi-Arabic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "لثة"
},
{
"code": "ary",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "latta",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"Moroccan-Arabic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "لتة"
},
{
"code": "an",
"lang": "Aragonese",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cheniva"
},
{
"code": "an",
"lang": "Aragonese",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "geniva"
},
{
"code": "tmr",
"lang": "Aramaic",
"raw_tags": [
"Jewish Babylonian Aramaic"
],
"roman": "dur shennē",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "דּוּר שֶׁנֵּי"
},
{
"code": "tmr",
"lang": "Aramaic",
"raw_tags": [
"Jewish Babylonian Aramaic"
],
"roman": "dərārā",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "דּרָרָא"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "lind",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "լինդ"
},
{
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dzindzie"
},
{
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "dzindzii"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "enxiva"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "xenxiva"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "diş əti"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "oi"
},
{
"code": "sne",
"lang": "Bau Bidayuh",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "dode"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "dzjasná",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "дзясна́"
},
{
"code": "bcl",
"lang": "Bikol Central",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "ngaros"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "venéc",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "вене́ц"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "swa:hpum:",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "သွားဖုံး"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "geniva"
},
{
"code": "ceb",
"lang": "Cebuano",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "lagos"
},
{
"code": "dtp",
"lang": "Central Dusun",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "monsis"
},
{
"code": "mel",
"lang": "Central Melanau",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "nyip"
},
{
"code": "mel",
"lang": "Central Melanau",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "dadan"
},
{
"code": "cbk",
"lang": "Chavacano",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "encia"
},
{
"code": "ny",
"lang": "Chichewa",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "nkhama"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "chǐyín",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "齒齦 /齿龈"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yáyín",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "牙齦 /牙龈"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yín",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "齦 /龈"
},
{
"code": "syc",
"lang": "Classical Syriac",
"roman": "dūrā dəšennēʾ",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "ܕܘܼܪܵܐ ܕܫܸܢܢܹܐ"
},
{
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kig dens"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dáseň"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "tandkød"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "gumme"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "tandvlees"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "gingivo"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "ige"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "tannhald"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "tannhold"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "tannkjøt"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "ikenet"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gencive"
},
{
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zenzie"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "enxiva"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "sasa",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "სასა"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ɣrʒili",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "ღრძილი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Zahnfleisch"
},
{
"code": "gsw",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"Alemannic-German",
"feminine"
],
"word": "Billere"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "oúlo",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ούλο"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "oûlon",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "οὖλον"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "חניכיים"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "khanikháyim",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine"
],
"word": "חֲנִיכַיִם"
},
{
"code": "hil",
"lang": "Hiligaynon",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "lasi"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "masūṛā",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "मसूड़ा"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "íny"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "fogíny"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "tannhold"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "jenjivo"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "gusi"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "ien"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "gingiva"
},
{
"code": "iu",
"lang": "Inuktitut",
"roman": "ikkiq",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "ᐃᒃᑭᖅ"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "drandal"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carball"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gengiva"
},
{
"alt": "はぐき",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "haguki",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "齦"
},
{
"alt": "はぐき",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "haguki",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "歯茎"
},
{
"alt": "しぎん",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shigin",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "歯齦"
},
{
"alt": "しにく, shiniku, はにく, haniku",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "歯肉"
},
{
"code": "jv",
"lang": "Javanese",
"roman": "gusi",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "ꦒꦸꦱꦶ"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "qyzyl iek",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "қызыл иек"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "tıstıñ et",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "тістің ет"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "cəəng thmɨñ",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "ជើងធ្មេញ"
},
{
"code": "kqr",
"lang": "Kimaragang",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "ngonsis"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "inmom",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "잇몸"
},
{
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "pûk",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "پووک"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pidû"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pidî"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "ngư̄ak",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "ເຫງືອກ"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "fan",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "ຟັນ"
},
{
"code": "ltg",
"lang": "Latgalian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "muzlys"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "gingīva"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "smaganas"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "dantenos"
},
{
"code": "lmo",
"lang": "Lombard",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zenziva"
},
{
"code": "dtr",
"lang": "Lotud",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "monsis"
},
{
"code": "khb",
"lang": "Lü",
"roman": "ṅgoek",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "ᦵᦄᦲᧅ"
},
{
"code": "lb",
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Zännfleesch"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "desni",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "десни"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "gusi"
},
{
"code": "mnc",
"lang": "Manchu",
"roman": "uman",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "ᡠᠮᠠᠨ"
},
{
"code": "msk",
"lang": "Mansaka",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "goos"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "bujl",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "буйл"
},
{
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "awótsíín"
},
{
"code": "ne",
"lang": "Nepali",
"roman": "gijā",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "गिजा"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "denchive"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "tannkjøtt"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gengiva"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "diş eti",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "دیش اتی"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "lase",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "لثه"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "aruk",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "اروک"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "âruk",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "آروک"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "ziye",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "زیه"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"english": "arak, arok",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "ارک"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "dziąsło"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "dziąsła"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gengiva"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gingie"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "schunschiva"
},
{
"code": "drg",
"lang": "Rungus",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "ngonsis"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "desná",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "десна́"
},
{
"code": "bsy",
"lang": "Sabah Bisaya",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "sinsilon"
},
{
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ghinghía"
},
{
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "benzía"
},
{
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sénsia"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "де̑сни"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "dȇsni"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "gingili"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "cincili"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zinzìa"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ďasno"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dlésen"
},
{
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "źěsna"
},
{
"code": "hsb",
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "dźasna"
},
{
"code": "alt",
"lang": "Southern Altai",
"roman": "tiš et",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "тиш эт"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "encía"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "ufizi"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "tandkött"
},
{
"code": "mvv",
"lang": "Tagal Murut",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "sinsilon"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "gilagid"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "vora",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "вора"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "milk-i dandon",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "милки дандон"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "ngʉ̀ʉak",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "เหงือก"
},
{
"code": "tih",
"lang": "Timugon Murut",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "sinsilon"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "diş eti"
},
{
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "diş eti"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "jásna",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "я́сна"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "masūṛhā",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مَسُوڑھا"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "milk"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetan",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zinzìva"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetan",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zenzìva"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetan",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "xenxìva"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "nướu"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "lợi"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "gingif"
},
{
"code": "war",
"lang": "Waray-Waray",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "lagos"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "deintgig"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gorcharfan"
},
{
"code": "bdr",
"lang": "West Coast Bajau",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "isi impon"
},
{
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "toskfleis"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "gŭm"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡʌm/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-gum.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c8/En-us-gum.ogg/En-us-gum.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c8/En-us-gum.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌm"
},
{
"homophone": "gome"
}
],
"word": "gum"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "gome"
},
"expansion": "Middle English gome",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "gōma",
"4": "",
"5": "palate"
},
"expansion": "Old English gōma (“palate”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*gōmō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *gōmō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*gōmô"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gōmô",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵʰh₂u-mo-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰh₂u-mo-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵʰeh₂w-",
"4": "",
"5": "to gape, yawn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₂w- (“to gape, yawn”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Gaumen"
},
"expansion": "German Gaumen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gómr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse gómr",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "ko"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian A ko",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "koyṃ",
"3": "",
"4": "mouth"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B koyṃ (“mouth”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "gomurỹs",
"3": "",
"4": "palate"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian gomurỹs (“palate”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English gome, from Old English gōma (“palate”), from Proto-West Germanic *gōmō, from Proto-Germanic *gōmô, *gaumô (“palate”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰh₂u-mo-, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₂w- (“to gape, yawn”).\nSee also German Gaumen, Old Norse gómr, Icelandic gómur; also Tocharian A ko, Tocharian B koyṃ (“mouth”), Lithuanian gomurỹs (“palate”). More at yawn.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gums",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gumming",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gummed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "gummed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gum (third-person singular simple present gums, present participle gumming, simple past and past participle gummed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "34 45 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 45 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Albanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 45 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 46 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Burmese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 46 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 43 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 45 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Faroese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 44 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 44 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 45 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Indonesian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 46 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Javanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 45 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kazakh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 45 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latvian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 45 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 45 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 45 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Malay translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 45 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Manchu translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 40 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mongolian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 45 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Nepali translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 44 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norman translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 45 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Sardinian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 46 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 45 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovene translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 45 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tajik translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 45 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkmen translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 45 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Uzbek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 45 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 40 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with West Frisian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To chew, especially of a toothless person or animal."
],
"id": "en-gum-en-verb-ObBBCsZr",
"links": [
[
"chew",
"chew"
],
[
"toothless",
"toothless"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "41 40 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mongolian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 40 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with West Frisian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To deepen and enlarge the spaces between the teeth of (a worn saw), as with a gummer."
],
"id": "en-gum-en-verb-PK1hml3n",
"links": [
[
"gummer",
"gummer"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To deepen and enlarge the spaces between the teeth of (a worn saw), as with a gummer."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "gŭm"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡʌm/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-gum.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c8/En-us-gum.ogg/En-us-gum.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c8/En-us-gum.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌm"
},
{
"homophone": "gome"
}
],
"word": "gum"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum-digger"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum-digging"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gummy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "acacia gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "acaroid gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "accaroid gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "accroides gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "apple-gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "arabic gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "art gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Barbary gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bee gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "begum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "black gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "blue gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "box-gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "British gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bubble gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bubble-gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bubblegum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cabbage gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Cape gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "carob gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chagual gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chewing gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chicle gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cider gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cow gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cushion gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dammar gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "degum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "doctor-gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "doctor's gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "elastic gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "flooded gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "free gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gellan gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ghatti gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ghost gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "grilled gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "guar gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum acacia"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum acaroidea"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum accroides"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum albanum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum ammoniac"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum anima"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum animé"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum animi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum animal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum arabic"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gumball"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum band"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum benjamin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum benzoin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum bichromate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum-boiler"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum boot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gumboot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum-bucket"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum butea"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum camphor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum-chewer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum-chewing"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum cistus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum coolibah"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum dammar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum dragon"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum-drop"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gumdrop"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum elastic"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum elemi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum eraser"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum eurphorbium"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum-field"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum-flowers"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum-game"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum guaiac"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum-hole"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum ivy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum juniper"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum karaya"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum kino"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum labdanum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum lac"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum-land"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gumlands"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum lift"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum-line"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gumline"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gummage"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum myrrh"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum myrtle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum nut"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum of ivy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum olibanum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum over platinum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum-paper"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum passage"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum plant"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum-platinum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum pot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum print"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum printing"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum-rash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum-resin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum resin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum rockrose"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum sandarac"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum sangapenum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum-seal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum-senegal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gumshoe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum silk"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum stick"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum-succory"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum-sucker"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum-taffeta"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum-thistle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum thus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum tragacanth"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum tree"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum turpentine"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum up the works"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum water"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum wood"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gumwood"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum-worker"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hashab gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hog gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hog-gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hog gum tree"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "iron gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "karaya gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "kauri gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Kordofan gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "locust bean gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "log gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mahogany gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "manna gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mastic gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mountain gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Murray red gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "natural gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "nicotine gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "orange gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Persian gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "red gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "red-gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ribbon gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "river gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "river red gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rose gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "slum gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "slumgum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "snappy gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "snow gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sonora gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sour gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spotted gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "spruce gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sterculia gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stick of gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "stinking gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Strickland's gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "strike me up a gum tree"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sugar gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sugar-gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "swamp gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sweet gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sweet gum-tree"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sweet gum tree"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tara gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Tasmanian blue gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ungum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "up a gum tree"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "walk and chew gum at the same time"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "weeping snow gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "white gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "white gum poison"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wine gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "wood gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "xanthan gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "yellow gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "York gum"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "gomme"
},
"expansion": "Middle English gomme",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "gome"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman gome",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "gumma"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin gumma",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "cummi"
},
"expansion": "Latin cummi",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "κόμμι"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κόμμι (kómmi)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "egy",
"3": "qmy",
"4": "",
"5": "anointing oil"
},
"expansion": "Egyptian qmy (“anointing oil”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "goma",
"3": "",
"4": "rubber"
},
"expansion": "Spanish goma (“rubber”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gumma"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of gumma",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English gomme, gumme, borrowed from Anglo-Norman gome, from Late Latin gumma, from Latin cummi, gummi, from Ancient Greek κόμμι (kómmi), from Egyptian qmy (“anointing oil”), qmyt (“acanthus resin, gum”). Cognate with Spanish goma (“rubber”). Doublet of gumma.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "gum (countable and uncountable, plural gums)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gumma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gummatous"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gummic acid"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gummiferous"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gummite"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gummose"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gummosis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gummosity"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gummous"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Biochemistry",
"orig": "en:Biochemistry",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Chemistry",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Botany",
"orig": "en:Botany",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "8 13 6 2 2 17 17 2 1 2 3 2 4 3 15 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 12 6 1 1 18 19 6 10 2 2 2 3 2 10 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 23 6 2 2 7 15 3 4 4 5 3 6 7 6 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Gums and resins",
"orig": "en:Gums and resins",
"parents": [
"Botany",
"Materials",
"Biology",
"Manufacturing",
"Sciences",
"Human activity",
"All topics",
"Human behaviour",
"Fundamental",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "gum arabic",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "gum-oleo-resin",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A viscous water-soluble carbohydrate exudate of certain plants that hardens when it becomes dry, or such a substance as a component of a plant exudate."
],
"id": "en-gum-en-noun-OnQO35YK",
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"biochemistry",
"biochemistry"
],
[
"viscous",
"viscous"
],
[
"water-soluble",
"water-soluble"
],
[
"carbohydrate",
"carbohydrate"
],
[
"exudate",
"exudate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany, biochemistry, chiefly uncountable) A viscous water-soluble carbohydrate exudate of certain plants that hardens when it becomes dry, or such a substance as a component of a plant exudate."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"biochemistry",
"biology",
"botany",
"chemistry",
"microbiology",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "gum benzoin",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1833, John Kennedy, Geordie Chalmers; or, the Law in Glenbuckie, page 205:",
"text": "[…] becoomed wi' the gum o' the coal-hill […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any viscous or sticky substance resembling the true gum."
],
"id": "en-gum-en-noun-lDpGsJ-j",
"links": [
[
"viscous",
"viscous"
],
[
"sticky",
"sticky"
],
[
"substance",
"substance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly uncountable) Any viscous or sticky substance resembling the true gum."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Chewing gum."
],
"id": "en-gum-en-noun-3uCZvKyL",
"links": [
[
"Chewing gum",
"chewing gum"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly uncountable) Chewing gum."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Do you have a gum to spare?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2005, Zadie Smith, On Beauty, Penguin Books (2006), page 388:",
"text": "Levi unwrapped a gum and put it in his mouth.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A single piece of chewing gum."
],
"id": "en-gum-en-noun--7QH62kD",
"links": [
[
"chewing gum",
"chewing gum"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) A single piece of chewing gum."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 0 32 65 0 1 0 0 0",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕilka",
"sense": "single piece of chewing gum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "عِلْكَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 32 65 0 1 0 0 0",
"code": "acw",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "lubāna",
"sense": "single piece of chewing gum",
"tags": [
"Hijazi-Arabic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "لُبَانة"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 32 65 0 1 0 0 0",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "camon",
"sense": "single piece of chewing gum",
"word": "ծամոն"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 32 65 0 1 0 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "dǎvka",
"sense": "single piece of chewing gum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "дъвка"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 32 65 0 1 0 0 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "kǒuxiāngtáng",
"sense": "single piece of chewing gum",
"word": "口香糖"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 32 65 0 1 0 0 0",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "single piece of chewing gum",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "tyggegummi"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 32 65 0 1 0 0 0",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "single piece of chewing gum",
"word": "näts"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 32 65 0 1 0 0 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "single piece of chewing gum",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chewing-gum"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 32 65 0 1 0 0 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "single piece of chewing gum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "goma de mascar"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 32 65 0 1 0 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "single piece of chewing gum",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Kaugummi"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 32 65 0 1 0 0 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "single piece of chewing gum",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chiclete"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 32 65 0 1 0 0 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "single piece of chewing gum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "goma de mascar"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 32 65 0 1 0 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "žvačka",
"sense": "single piece of chewing gum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "жвачка"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 32 65 0 1 0 0 0",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "single piece of chewing gum",
"word": "žuvačka"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 32 65 0 1 0 0 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "single piece of chewing gum",
"word": "chicle"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 32 65 0 1 0 0 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "single piece of chewing gum",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "tuggummi"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 32 65 0 1 0 0 0",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "màak-fà-ràng",
"sense": "single piece of chewing gum",
"word": "หมากฝรั่ง"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 32 65 0 1 0 0 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "žujka",
"sense": "single piece of chewing gum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "жуйка"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 0 32 65 0 1 0 0 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "humka",
"sense": "single piece of chewing gum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "гумка"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "South African English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "8 13 6 2 2 17 17 2 1 2 3 2 4 3 15 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 12 6 1 1 18 19 6 10 2 2 2 3 2 10 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A gummi candy."
],
"id": "en-gum-en-noun-qDyLu9Ln",
"links": [
[
"gummi",
"gummi"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(South Africa, often in the plural) A gummi candy."
],
"tags": [
"South-Africa",
"countable",
"in-plural",
"often",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "American English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Southern US English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "6 6 6 4 3 6 14 10 12 3 4 4 6 5 5 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English 3-letter words",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 10 9 1 1 12 25 4 5 1 2 3 4 1 10 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 13 6 2 2 17 17 2 1 2 3 2 4 3 15 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 8 8 2 2 12 23 3 3 2 2 3 4 3 9 3 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 9 9 1 1 13 26 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 11 2 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 10 7 3 2 8 17 9 12 3 3 5 5 2 6 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 9 9 2 2 10 19 6 10 2 2 3 4 4 8 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 7 6 2 2 10 17 6 9 2 10 4 4 4 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 7 2 2 9 19 7 9 3 3 3 4 3 8 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 12 6 1 1 18 19 6 10 2 2 2 3 2 10 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 6 2 2 9 17 5 9 2 10 4 4 3 8 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Estonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 11 8 3 2 11 17 3 2 2 3 3 6 4 12 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 7 2 2 10 19 6 10 3 3 3 4 3 9 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 11 8 3 2 13 18 3 3 3 3 4 5 3 10 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 11 7 1 1 16 26 3 5 1 1 2 2 1 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 12 2 2 11 22 2 2 2 2 3 4 2 11 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ido translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 7 6 2 2 10 19 9 14 2 2 3 4 3 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 7 2 2 11 18 6 10 3 3 3 4 4 8 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Khmer translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 13 8 2 2 9 18 7 7 2 4 4 5 2 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 7 2 2 11 19 7 11 3 3 3 4 3 8 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 8 10 2 1 9 20 10 15 1 2 3 4 2 6 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Old English translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 9 7 2 1 11 17 8 12 2 3 4 5 5 6 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 7 6 2 2 9 17 6 9 2 10 4 4 3 8 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 8 6 2 1 11 16 5 9 2 9 5 5 3 9 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 10 8 3 2 12 19 3 2 3 3 4 5 3 12 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 9 7 2 2 10 19 6 8 3 3 4 4 2 9 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 6 2 2 9 17 5 9 2 10 4 4 3 8 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 10 8 3 2 11 21 3 2 2 3 3 5 3 12 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 9 7 2 2 13 18 6 10 2 2 3 4 3 8 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 7 2 2 11 19 7 11 3 3 3 4 3 8 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tagalog translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 7 6 2 2 9 17 5 9 2 10 4 4 4 8 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Thai translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 9 7 2 2 11 19 6 11 2 2 3 4 3 8 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 7 2 2 11 19 7 11 3 3 3 4 3 8 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 10 8 3 2 10 18 3 2 2 4 4 6 4 11 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A hive made of a section of a hollow gum tree; hence, any roughly made hive."
],
"id": "en-gum-en-noun-r2354U1G",
"links": [
[
"hive",
"hive"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US, dialect, Southern US) A hive made of a section of a hollow gum tree; hence, any roughly made hive."
],
"tags": [
"Southern-US",
"US",
"countable",
"dialectal",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "American English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Southern US English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A vessel or bin made from a hollow log."
],
"id": "en-gum-en-noun-UayUh7ro",
"links": [
[
"vessel",
"vessel"
],
[
"bin",
"bin"
],
[
"hollow",
"hollow"
],
[
"log",
"log"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US, dialect, Southern US) A vessel or bin made from a hollow log."
],
"tags": [
"Southern-US",
"US",
"countable",
"dialectal",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "American English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "6 6 6 4 3 6 14 10 12 3 4 4 6 5 5 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English 3-letter words",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 3 0 0 4 3 2 67 0 0 0 2 12 1 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Footwear",
"orig": "en:Footwear",
"parents": [
"Clothing",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A rubber overshoe."
],
"id": "en-gum-en-noun-2r1HxrAC",
"links": [
[
"rubber",
"rubber"
],
[
"overshoe",
"overshoe"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US, dialect) A rubber overshoe."
],
"tags": [
"US",
"countable",
"dialectal",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A gum tree."
],
"id": "en-gum-en-noun-GWEiABTx",
"links": [
[
"gum tree",
"gum tree"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "gŭm"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡʌm/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-gum.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c8/En-us-gum.ogg/En-us-gum.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c8/En-us-gum.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌm"
},
{
"homophone": "gome"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "41 39 1 1 3 9 2 1 1",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṣamḡ",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "صَمْغ"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 39 1 1 3 9 2 1 1",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "xež",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"word": "խեժ"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 39 1 1 3 9 2 1 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "smola",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "смола"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 39 1 1 3 9 2 1 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "klej",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "клей"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 39 1 1 3 9 2 1 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "gummi"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 39 1 1 3 9 2 1 1",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"word": "vaik"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 39 1 1 3 9 2 1 1",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"word": "kummi"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 39 1 1 3 9 2 1 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gomme"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 39 1 1 3 9 2 1 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "goma"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 39 1 1 3 9 2 1 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "resina"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 39 1 1 3 9 2 1 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kautschuk"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 39 1 1 3 9 2 1 1",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "kómmi",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "κόμμι"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 39 1 1 3 9 2 1 1",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "gloiós",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "γλοιός"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 39 1 1 3 9 2 1 1",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "guma"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 39 1 1 3 9 2 1 1",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "coa cʰəə",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"word": "ជ័រឈើ"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 39 1 1 3 9 2 1 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"word": "pia"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 39 1 1 3 9 2 1 1",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "teoru"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 39 1 1 3 9 2 1 1",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "trēowteoru"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 39 1 1 3 9 2 1 1",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "sakız",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"word": "ساقز"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 39 1 1 3 9 2 1 1",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "reçine",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"word": "رچینه"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 39 1 1 3 9 2 1 1",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "ratinec",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"word": "راتینج"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 39 1 1 3 9 2 1 1",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "angom",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"word": "انگم"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 39 1 1 3 9 2 1 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "resina"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 39 1 1 3 9 2 1 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kamedʹ",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "камедь"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 39 1 1 3 9 2 1 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "smola",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "смола"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 39 1 1 3 9 2 1 1",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "niryāsa",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "निर्यास"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 39 1 1 3 9 2 1 1",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "dravya",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "द्रव्य"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 39 1 1 3 9 2 1 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "goma"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 39 1 1 3 9 2 1 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "gummi"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 39 1 1 3 9 2 1 1",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"word": "kalamak"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 39 1 1 3 9 2 1 1",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "yaang",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"word": "ยาง"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 39 1 1 3 9 2 1 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"word": "kauçuk"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 39 1 1 3 9 2 1 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"word": "zamk"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 39 1 1 3 9 2 1 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "kamedʹ",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "камедь"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 39 1 1 3 9 2 1 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "glej",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ґлей"
},
{
"_dis1": "41 39 1 1 3 9 2 1 1",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gwm"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 42 1 1 4 9 2 1 1",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "xež",
"sense": "sticky substance resembling that exuded by certain plants",
"word": "խեժ"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 42 1 1 4 9 2 1 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "sticky substance resembling that exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "syntetgummi"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 42 1 1 4 9 2 1 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "sticky substance resembling that exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gomme"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 42 1 1 4 9 2 1 1",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "sticky substance resembling that exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "guma"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 42 1 1 4 9 2 1 1",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "yaang",
"sense": "sticky substance resembling that exuded by certain plants",
"word": "ยาง"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 42 1 1 4 9 2 1 1",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "gaao",
"sense": "sticky substance resembling that exuded by certain plants",
"word": "กาว"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 42 1 1 4 9 2 1 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "sticky substance resembling that exuded by certain plants",
"word": "kauçuk"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 42 1 1 4 9 2 1 1",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "sticky substance resembling that exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gwm"
}
],
"word": "gum"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "gum up"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "by gum"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "gomme"
},
"expansion": "Middle English gomme",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "gome"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman gome",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "gumma"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin gumma",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "cummi"
},
"expansion": "Latin cummi",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "κόμμι"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κόμμι (kómmi)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "egy",
"3": "qmy",
"4": "",
"5": "anointing oil"
},
"expansion": "Egyptian qmy (“anointing oil”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "goma",
"3": "",
"4": "rubber"
},
"expansion": "Spanish goma (“rubber”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gumma"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of gumma",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English gomme, gumme, borrowed from Anglo-Norman gome, from Late Latin gumma, from Latin cummi, gummi, from Ancient Greek κόμμι (kómmi), from Egyptian qmy (“anointing oil”), qmyt (“acanthus resin, gum”). Cognate with Spanish goma (“rubber”). Doublet of gumma.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gums",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gumming",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gummed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "gummed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gum (third-person singular simple present gums, present participle gumming, simple past and past participle gummed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2012, Julie Hedgepeth Williams, A Rare Titanic Family: The Caldwells' Story of Survival, →ISBN, page 184:",
"text": "However, Albert said in his audiotape and in his speech that a lever designed to release the lifeboat's block and tackle was gummed up with red paint.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To apply an adhesive or gum to; to make sticky by applying a sticky substance to."
],
"id": "en-gum-en-verb-8QMzTNH8",
"links": [
[
"up",
"up#English"
],
[
"adhesive",
"adhesive"
],
[
"sticky",
"sticky"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sometimes with up) To apply an adhesive or gum to; to make sticky by applying a sticky substance to."
],
"tags": [
"sometimes",
"with-up"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Fourth, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii]:",
"text": "He frets like a gummed velvet.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To stiffen with glue or gum."
],
"id": "en-gum-en-verb-ZkX8EMMW",
"links": [
[
"stiffen",
"stiffen"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 13 6 2 2 17 17 2 1 2 3 2 4 3 15 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1946, George Orwell, Politics and the English Language:",
"text": "It consists in gumming together long strips of words [that] have already been set in order by someone else, and making the results presentable by sheer humbug.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To inelegantly attach into a sequence."
],
"id": "en-gum-en-verb-dQIgOhL5",
"links": [
[
"together",
"together#English"
],
[
"inelegantly",
"inelegantly"
],
[
"attach",
"attach"
],
[
"sequence",
"sequence"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sometimes with together) To inelegantly attach into a sequence."
],
"raw_tags": [
"with together"
],
"tags": [
"sometimes"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "That cheap oil will gum up the engine valves.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "The new editor can gum up your article with too many commas.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To impair the functioning of a thing or process."
],
"id": "en-gum-en-verb-45OMmuI2",
"links": [
[
"up",
"up#English"
],
[
"impair",
"impair"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial, with up) To impair the functioning of a thing or process."
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"with-up"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "gŭm"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡʌm/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-gum.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c8/En-us-gum.ogg/En-us-gum.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c8/En-us-gum.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌm"
},
{
"homophone": "gome"
}
],
"word": "gum"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "gum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "guma"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive plural of guma"
],
"id": "en-gum-cs-noun-SlzPvtJy",
"links": [
[
"guma",
"guma#Czech"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡum]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-um"
}
],
"word": "gum"
}
{
"etymology_text": "A relatively recent variant of gom.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gummen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gummetje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-en",
"3": "+"
},
"expansion": "gum m (plural gummen, diminutive gummetje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gum"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "gummen"
},
{
"word": "kneedgum"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an eraser"
],
"id": "en-gum-nl-noun-GPbjbO36",
"links": [
[
"eraser",
"eraser"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "eraser; now restricted to Belgium in the meaning",
"word": "gom"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɣʏm/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-gum.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0f/Nl-gum.ogg/Nl-gum.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0f/Nl-gum.ogg"
}
],
"word": "gum"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "gùm",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ha",
"2": "ideophone",
"head": "gùm",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "gùm",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ideophone",
"2": "gùm"
},
"expansion": "gùm",
"name": "ha-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Hausa",
"lang_code": "ha",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hausa entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hausa ideophones",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"smelling bad"
],
"id": "en-gum-ha-noun-lnxI5CA6",
"links": [
[
"smell",
"smell"
],
[
"bad",
"bad"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"ideophone"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sùm"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡùm/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡʷʊ̀m]",
"note": "Standard Kano Hausa"
}
],
"word": "gum"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*gaumō",
"t": "attention, heed"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gaumō (“attention, heed”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *gaumō (“attention, heed”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gums",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "is-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gumið",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gumið",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gumi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "guminu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gums",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gumsins",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "@@"
},
"expansion": "gum n (genitive singular gums, no plural)",
"name": "is-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n.sg"
},
"name": "is-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "to boast, to exaggerate",
"word": "guma"
}
],
"glosses": [
"boasting, exaggeration"
],
"id": "en-gum-is-noun-tVa8vw-q",
"links": [
[
"boasting",
"boasting"
],
[
"exaggeration",
"exaggeration"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gort"
},
{
"word": "raup"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"no-plural"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kʏːm/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʏːm"
}
],
"word": "gum"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "gum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "gumme"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of gumme"
],
"id": "en-gum-enm-noun-zK89Uqaq",
"links": [
[
"gumme",
"gumme#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "gum"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f-p"
},
"expansion": "gum f pl",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gum"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "guma"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive plural of guma"
],
"id": "en-gum-pl-noun-SlzPvtJy",
"links": [
[
"guma",
"guma#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡum/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-um"
}
],
"word": "gum"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "slr",
"2": "trk-pro",
"3": "*kum"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *kum",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "kum"
},
"expansion": "Turkish kum",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Turkic *kum. Compare to Turkish kum, etc.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gumı",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gumlar",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "slr",
"2": "noun",
"3": "3rd person possessive",
"4": "gumı",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "plural",
"8": "gumlar",
"f1accel-form": "poss|s",
"f1request": "1",
"f3accel-form": "p",
"f3request": "1",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "gum (3rd person possessive gumı, plural gumlar)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gumı",
"2": "lar"
},
"expansion": "gum (3rd person possessive gumı, plural gumlar)",
"name": "slr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Salar",
"lang_code": "slr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Salar entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sand"
],
"id": "en-gum-slr-noun-9519JFWD",
"links": [
[
"sand",
"sand"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kum]",
"note": "Ejia, Daowei, Xunhua, Qinghai, Ili, Yining, Xinjiang"
}
],
"word": "gum"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "en",
"3": "gum"
},
"expansion": "English gum",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From English gum.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"10": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "gums",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "gum (plural gums)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gum (plural gums)",
"name": "sco-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"gum"
],
"id": "en-gum-sco-noun-PkbIhG7F",
"links": [
[
"gum",
"gum#English"
]
]
}
],
"word": "gum"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain; perhaps a specialised use of Etymology 1, above.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"10": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "gums",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "gum (plural gums)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gum (plural gums)",
"name": "sco-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 91",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scots entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mist, vapour, haze"
],
"id": "en-gum-sco-noun-5asTI-DY",
"links": [
[
"mist",
"mist"
],
[
"vapour",
"vapour"
],
[
"haze",
"haze"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gumm"
}
]
}
],
"word": "gum"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "conjunction"
},
"expansion": "gum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scottish Gaelic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I'm certain that he would be happy.",
"text": "Tha mi cinnteach gum biodh e toilichte."
}
],
"glosses": [
"that"
],
"id": "en-gum-gd-conj-jn~AI2r0",
"links": [
[
"that",
"that#Conjunction"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gu"
},
{
"word": "gun"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kəm/"
}
],
"word": "gum"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sux",
"2": "romanization",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "gum",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gum",
"name": "sux-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Sumerian",
"lang_code": "sux",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "gum",
"word": "𒄣"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sumerian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sumerian romanizations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Romanization of 𒄣 (gum)"
],
"id": "en-gum-sux-romanization-N1EO41Bc",
"links": [
[
"𒄣",
"𒄣#Sumerian"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "gum"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "trk-pro",
"3": "*kum",
"4": "",
"5": "sand",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *kum (“sand”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "trk-pro",
"3": "*kum",
"t": "sand"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kum (“sand”)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "kum"
},
"expansion": "Turkish kum",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kum (“sand”). Cognates with Turkish kum.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "noun",
"3": "definite accusative",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "",
"f1request": "1",
"f2request": "1",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "gum (definite accusative [please provide], plural [please provide])",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gum (definite accusative [please provide], plural [please provide])",
"name": "tk-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Turkmen",
"lang_code": "tk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Turkmen entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sand"
],
"id": "en-gum-tk-noun-9519JFWD",
"links": [
[
"sand",
"sand"
]
]
}
],
"word": "gum"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zza",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{pl}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1sc": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "gum",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "i",
"2": "an"
},
"expansion": "gum",
"name": "zza-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Zazaki",
"lang_code": "zza",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Zazaki entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zza",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "zza:Anatomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"All topics",
"Health",
"Fundamental",
"Body"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cheek"
],
"id": "en-gum-zza-noun-NUmyogXm",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"cheek",
"cheek"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) cheek"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"word": "gum"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Komi:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "koi",
"2": "гум"
},
"expansion": "Komi-Permyak: гум (gum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Komi-Permyak: гум (gum)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-kya",
"2": "гум"
},
"expansion": "Komi-Yazva: гум (gum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Komi-Yazva: гум (gum)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kpv",
"2": "гум"
},
"expansion": "Komi-Zyrian: гум (gum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Komi-Zyrian: гум (gum)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "udm",
"2": "гумы"
},
"expansion": "Udmurt: гумы (gumy)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Udmurt: гумы (gumy)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Beserman: гумө (gumå)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "käämi"
},
"expansion": "Finnish käämi",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Lytkin (1970) proposes a relation with Finnish käämi.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gumj-",
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-prm-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gumjas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gumjas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gumjäs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gumjasäs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gumjän",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gumjasän",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gumtäk",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"caritive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gumjastäk",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"caritive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gumla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"consecutive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gumjasla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"consecutive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gumlän",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gumjaslän",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gumliś",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gumjasliś",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gumli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gumjasli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gumjin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gumjasin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gumjiś",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gumjasiś",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gumjä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gumjasä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gumśań",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"egressive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gumjasśań",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"egressive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gumlań",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"approximative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gumjaslań",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"approximative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gumjäʒ́",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "gumjasäʒ́",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "gumti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "gumjasti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-prm-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "stem",
"4": "*gumj-"
},
"expansion": "*gum (stem *gumj-)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gumj"
},
"name": "urj-prm-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Permic",
"lang_code": "urj-prm-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Permic/gum",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Permic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"stalk"
],
"id": "en-gum-urj-prm-pro-noun--jEiHVUH",
"links": [
[
"stalk",
"stalk"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "gum"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "gum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"Czech non-lemma forms",
"Czech noun forms",
"Czech terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Czech/um",
"Rhymes:Czech/um/1 syllable"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "guma"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive plural of guma"
],
"links": [
[
"guma",
"guma#Czech"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡum]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-um"
}
],
"word": "gum"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "gummen"
},
{
"word": "kneedgum"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A relatively recent variant of gom.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gummen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gummetje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-en",
"3": "+"
},
"expansion": "gum m (plural gummen, diminutive gummetje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gum"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch masculine nouns",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"an eraser"
],
"links": [
[
"eraser",
"eraser"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɣʏm/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-gum.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0f/Nl-gum.ogg/Nl-gum.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0f/Nl-gum.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "eraser; now restricted to Belgium in the meaning",
"word": "gom"
}
],
"word": "gum"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 3-letter words",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Egyptian",
"English terms derived from Late Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Ido translations",
"Requests for review of Spanish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ʌm",
"Rhymes:English/ʌm/1 syllable",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Alemannic German translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Aragonese translations",
"Terms with Aramaic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Aromanian translations",
"Terms with Asturian translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Basque translations",
"Terms with Bau Bidayuh translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bikol Central translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Burmese translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Cebuano translations",
"Terms with Central Dusun translations",
"Terms with Central Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Central Melanau translations",
"Terms with Chavacano translations",
"Terms with Chichewa translations",
"Terms with Classical Syriac translations",
"Terms with Cornish translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Faroese translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Friulian translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Gulf Arabic translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations",
"Terms with Hiligaynon translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Interlingua translations",
"Terms with Inuktitut translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Javanese translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Kimaragang translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Lao translations",
"Terms with Latgalian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Lombard translations",
"Terms with Lotud translations",
"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations",
"Terms with Luxembourgish translations",
"Terms with Lü translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Manchu translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Mansaka translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Mongolian translations",
"Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations",
"Terms with Navajo translations",
"Terms with Nepali translations",
"Terms with Norman translations",
"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Old English translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Romansch translations",
"Terms with Rungus translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sabah Bisaya translations",
"Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"Terms with Sardinian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Sicilian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Southern Altai translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swahili translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagal Murut translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Tajik translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Timugon Murut translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Turkmen translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Upper Sorbian translations",
"Terms with Urdu translations",
"Terms with Uzbek translations",
"Terms with Venetan translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Volapük translations",
"Terms with Waray-Waray translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"Terms with West Coast Bajau translations",
"Terms with West Frisian translations",
"en:Footwear",
"en:Gums and resins"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "gumboil"
},
{
"word": "gum-didder"
},
{
"word": "gum-digger"
},
{
"word": "gum-digging"
},
{
"word": "gum disease"
},
{
"word": "gum job"
},
{
"word": "gumless"
},
{
"word": "gummed"
},
{
"word": "gummy"
},
{
"word": "gum ridge"
},
{
"word": "gum-ring"
},
{
"word": "gum-rubber"
},
{
"word": "gum shield"
},
{
"word": "gum-stake"
},
{
"word": "gum-tickler"
},
{
"word": "gum-tooth"
},
{
"word": "gumwork"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "gome"
},
"expansion": "Middle English gome",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "gōma",
"4": "",
"5": "palate"
},
"expansion": "Old English gōma (“palate”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*gōmō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *gōmō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*gōmô"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gōmô",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵʰh₂u-mo-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰh₂u-mo-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵʰeh₂w-",
"4": "",
"5": "to gape, yawn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₂w- (“to gape, yawn”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Gaumen"
},
"expansion": "German Gaumen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gómr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse gómr",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "ko"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian A ko",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "koyṃ",
"3": "",
"4": "mouth"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B koyṃ (“mouth”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "gomurỹs",
"3": "",
"4": "palate"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian gomurỹs (“palate”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English gome, from Old English gōma (“palate”), from Proto-West Germanic *gōmō, from Proto-Germanic *gōmô, *gaumô (“palate”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰh₂u-mo-, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₂w- (“to gape, yawn”).\nSee also German Gaumen, Old Norse gómr, Icelandic gómur; also Tocharian A ko, Tocharian B koyṃ (“mouth”), Lithuanian gomurỹs (“palate”). More at yawn.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gum (plural gums)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"The flesh around the teeth."
],
"links": [
[
"flesh",
"flesh"
],
[
"teeth",
"tooth"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(often in the plural) The flesh around the teeth."
],
"tags": [
"in-plural",
"often"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "gŭm"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡʌm/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-gum.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c8/En-us-gum.ogg/En-us-gum.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c8/En-us-gum.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌm"
},
{
"homophone": "gome"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "medical",
"word": "gingiva"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "tandvleis"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "nullë"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "nullëz"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gingivë"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "liṯa",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "لِثَة"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "laṯa",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "لَثَة"
},
{
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "lesa",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "لثة"
},
{
"code": "afb",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "liṯṯa",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"Gulf-Arabic"
],
"word": "لثة"
},
{
"code": "acw",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "liṯṯa",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"Hijazi-Arabic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "لثة"
},
{
"code": "ary",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "latta",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"Moroccan-Arabic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "لتة"
},
{
"code": "an",
"lang": "Aragonese",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cheniva"
},
{
"code": "an",
"lang": "Aragonese",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "geniva"
},
{
"code": "tmr",
"lang": "Aramaic",
"raw_tags": [
"Jewish Babylonian Aramaic"
],
"roman": "dur shennē",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "דּוּר שֶׁנֵּי"
},
{
"code": "tmr",
"lang": "Aramaic",
"raw_tags": [
"Jewish Babylonian Aramaic"
],
"roman": "dərārā",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "דּרָרָא"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "lind",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "լինդ"
},
{
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dzindzie"
},
{
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "dzindzii"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "enxiva"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "xenxiva"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "diş əti"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "oi"
},
{
"code": "sne",
"lang": "Bau Bidayuh",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "dode"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "dzjasná",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "дзясна́"
},
{
"code": "bcl",
"lang": "Bikol Central",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "ngaros"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "venéc",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "вене́ц"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "swa:hpum:",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "သွားဖုံး"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "geniva"
},
{
"code": "ceb",
"lang": "Cebuano",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "lagos"
},
{
"code": "dtp",
"lang": "Central Dusun",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "monsis"
},
{
"code": "mel",
"lang": "Central Melanau",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "nyip"
},
{
"code": "mel",
"lang": "Central Melanau",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "dadan"
},
{
"code": "cbk",
"lang": "Chavacano",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "encia"
},
{
"code": "ny",
"lang": "Chichewa",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "nkhama"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "chǐyín",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "齒齦 /齿龈"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yáyín",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "牙齦 /牙龈"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yín",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "齦 /龈"
},
{
"code": "syc",
"lang": "Classical Syriac",
"roman": "dūrā dəšennēʾ",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "ܕܘܼܪܵܐ ܕܫܸܢܢܹܐ"
},
{
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kig dens"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dáseň"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "tandkød"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "gumme"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "tandvlees"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "gingivo"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "ige"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "tannhald"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "tannhold"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "tannkjøt"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "ikenet"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gencive"
},
{
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zenzie"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "enxiva"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "sasa",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "სასა"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ɣrʒili",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "ღრძილი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Zahnfleisch"
},
{
"code": "gsw",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"Alemannic-German",
"feminine"
],
"word": "Billere"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "oúlo",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ούλο"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "oûlon",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "οὖλον"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "חניכיים"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "khanikháyim",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine"
],
"word": "חֲנִיכַיִם"
},
{
"code": "hil",
"lang": "Hiligaynon",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "lasi"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "masūṛā",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "मसूड़ा"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "íny"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "fogíny"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "tannhold"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "jenjivo"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "gusi"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "ien"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "gingiva"
},
{
"code": "iu",
"lang": "Inuktitut",
"roman": "ikkiq",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "ᐃᒃᑭᖅ"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "drandal"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carball"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gengiva"
},
{
"alt": "はぐき",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "haguki",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "齦"
},
{
"alt": "はぐき",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "haguki",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "歯茎"
},
{
"alt": "しぎん",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shigin",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "歯齦"
},
{
"alt": "しにく, shiniku, はにく, haniku",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "歯肉"
},
{
"code": "jv",
"lang": "Javanese",
"roman": "gusi",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "ꦒꦸꦱꦶ"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "qyzyl iek",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "қызыл иек"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "tıstıñ et",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "тістің ет"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "cəəng thmɨñ",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "ជើងធ្មេញ"
},
{
"code": "kqr",
"lang": "Kimaragang",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "ngonsis"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "inmom",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "잇몸"
},
{
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "pûk",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "پووک"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pidû"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pidî"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "ngư̄ak",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "ເຫງືອກ"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "fan",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "ຟັນ"
},
{
"code": "ltg",
"lang": "Latgalian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "muzlys"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "gingīva"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "smaganas"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "dantenos"
},
{
"code": "lmo",
"lang": "Lombard",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zenziva"
},
{
"code": "dtr",
"lang": "Lotud",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "monsis"
},
{
"code": "khb",
"lang": "Lü",
"roman": "ṅgoek",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "ᦵᦄᦲᧅ"
},
{
"code": "lb",
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Zännfleesch"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "desni",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "десни"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "gusi"
},
{
"code": "mnc",
"lang": "Manchu",
"roman": "uman",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "ᡠᠮᠠᠨ"
},
{
"code": "msk",
"lang": "Mansaka",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "goos"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "bujl",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "буйл"
},
{
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "awótsíín"
},
{
"code": "ne",
"lang": "Nepali",
"roman": "gijā",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "गिजा"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "denchive"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "tannkjøtt"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gengiva"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "diş eti",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "دیش اتی"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "lase",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "لثه"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "aruk",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "اروک"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "âruk",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "آروک"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "ziye",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "زیه"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"english": "arak, arok",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "ارک"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "dziąsło"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "dziąsła"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gengiva"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gingie"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "schunschiva"
},
{
"code": "drg",
"lang": "Rungus",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "ngonsis"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "desná",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "десна́"
},
{
"code": "bsy",
"lang": "Sabah Bisaya",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "sinsilon"
},
{
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ghinghía"
},
{
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "benzía"
},
{
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "sénsia"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "де̑сни"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "dȇsni"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "gingili"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "cincili"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zinzìa"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ďasno"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dlésen"
},
{
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "źěsna"
},
{
"code": "hsb",
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "dźasna"
},
{
"code": "alt",
"lang": "Southern Altai",
"roman": "tiš et",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "тиш эт"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "encía"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "ufizi"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "tandkött"
},
{
"code": "mvv",
"lang": "Tagal Murut",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "sinsilon"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "gilagid"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "vora",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "вора"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "milk-i dandon",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "милки дандон"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "ngʉ̀ʉak",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "เหงือก"
},
{
"code": "tih",
"lang": "Timugon Murut",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "sinsilon"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "diş eti"
},
{
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "diş eti"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "jásna",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "я́сна"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "masūṛhā",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مَسُوڑھا"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "milk"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetan",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zinzìva"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetan",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zenzìva"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetan",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "xenxìva"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "nướu"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "lợi"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "gingif"
},
{
"code": "war",
"lang": "Waray-Waray",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "lagos"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "deintgig"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gorcharfan"
},
{
"code": "bdr",
"lang": "West Coast Bajau",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"word": "isi impon"
},
{
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "flesh around teeth",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "toskfleis"
}
],
"word": "gum"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 3-letter words",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Egyptian",
"English terms derived from Late Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Ido translations",
"Requests for review of Spanish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ʌm",
"Rhymes:English/ʌm/1 syllable",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Alemannic German translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Aragonese translations",
"Terms with Aramaic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Aromanian translations",
"Terms with Asturian translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Basque translations",
"Terms with Bau Bidayuh translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bikol Central translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Burmese translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Cebuano translations",
"Terms with Central Dusun translations",
"Terms with Central Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Central Melanau translations",
"Terms with Chavacano translations",
"Terms with Chichewa translations",
"Terms with Classical Syriac translations",
"Terms with Cornish translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Faroese translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Friulian translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Gulf Arabic translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations",
"Terms with Hiligaynon translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Interlingua translations",
"Terms with Inuktitut translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Javanese translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Kimaragang translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Lao translations",
"Terms with Latgalian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Lombard translations",
"Terms with Lotud translations",
"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations",
"Terms with Luxembourgish translations",
"Terms with Lü translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Manchu translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Mansaka translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Mongolian translations",
"Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations",
"Terms with Navajo translations",
"Terms with Nepali translations",
"Terms with Norman translations",
"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Old English translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Romansch translations",
"Terms with Rungus translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sabah Bisaya translations",
"Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"Terms with Sardinian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Sicilian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Southern Altai translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swahili translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagal Murut translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Tajik translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Timugon Murut translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Turkmen translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Upper Sorbian translations",
"Terms with Urdu translations",
"Terms with Uzbek translations",
"Terms with Venetan translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Volapük translations",
"Terms with Waray-Waray translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"Terms with West Coast Bajau translations",
"Terms with West Frisian translations",
"en:Footwear",
"en:Gums and resins"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "gome"
},
"expansion": "Middle English gome",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "gōma",
"4": "",
"5": "palate"
},
"expansion": "Old English gōma (“palate”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*gōmō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *gōmō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*gōmô"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gōmô",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵʰh₂u-mo-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰh₂u-mo-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵʰeh₂w-",
"4": "",
"5": "to gape, yawn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₂w- (“to gape, yawn”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Gaumen"
},
"expansion": "German Gaumen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gómr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse gómr",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "ko"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian A ko",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "koyṃ",
"3": "",
"4": "mouth"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B koyṃ (“mouth”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "gomurỹs",
"3": "",
"4": "palate"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian gomurỹs (“palate”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English gome, from Old English gōma (“palate”), from Proto-West Germanic *gōmō, from Proto-Germanic *gōmô, *gaumô (“palate”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰh₂u-mo-, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₂w- (“to gape, yawn”).\nSee also German Gaumen, Old Norse gómr, Icelandic gómur; also Tocharian A ko, Tocharian B koyṃ (“mouth”), Lithuanian gomurỹs (“palate”). More at yawn.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gums",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gumming",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gummed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "gummed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gum (third-person singular simple present gums, present participle gumming, simple past and past participle gummed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To chew, especially of a toothless person or animal."
],
"links": [
[
"chew",
"chew"
],
[
"toothless",
"toothless"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To deepen and enlarge the spaces between the teeth of (a worn saw), as with a gummer."
],
"links": [
[
"gummer",
"gummer"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To deepen and enlarge the spaces between the teeth of (a worn saw), as with a gummer."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "gŭm"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡʌm/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-gum.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c8/En-us-gum.ogg/En-us-gum.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c8/En-us-gum.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌm"
},
{
"homophone": "gome"
}
],
"word": "gum"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 3-letter words",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Egyptian",
"English terms derived from Late Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Ido translations",
"Requests for review of Spanish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ʌm",
"Rhymes:English/ʌm/1 syllable",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Old English translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Footwear",
"en:Gums and resins"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "acacia gum"
},
{
"word": "acaroid gum"
},
{
"word": "accaroid gum"
},
{
"word": "accroides gum"
},
{
"word": "apple-gum"
},
{
"word": "arabic gum"
},
{
"word": "art gum"
},
{
"word": "Barbary gum"
},
{
"word": "bee gum"
},
{
"word": "begum"
},
{
"word": "black gum"
},
{
"word": "blue gum"
},
{
"word": "box-gum"
},
{
"word": "British gum"
},
{
"word": "bubble gum"
},
{
"word": "bubble-gum"
},
{
"word": "bubblegum"
},
{
"word": "cabbage gum"
},
{
"word": "Cape gum"
},
{
"word": "carob gum"
},
{
"word": "chagual gum"
},
{
"word": "chewing gum"
},
{
"word": "chicle gum"
},
{
"word": "cider gum"
},
{
"word": "cow gum"
},
{
"word": "cushion gum"
},
{
"word": "dammar gum"
},
{
"word": "degum"
},
{
"word": "doctor-gum"
},
{
"word": "doctor's gum"
},
{
"word": "elastic gum"
},
{
"word": "flooded gum"
},
{
"word": "free gum"
},
{
"word": "gellan gum"
},
{
"word": "ghatti gum"
},
{
"word": "ghost gum"
},
{
"word": "grilled gum"
},
{
"word": "guar gum"
},
{
"word": "gum acacia"
},
{
"word": "gum acaroidea"
},
{
"word": "gum accroides"
},
{
"word": "gum albanum"
},
{
"word": "gum ammoniac"
},
{
"word": "gum anima"
},
{
"word": "gum animé"
},
{
"word": "gum animi"
},
{
"word": "gum animal"
},
{
"word": "gum arabic"
},
{
"word": "gumball"
},
{
"word": "gum band"
},
{
"word": "gum benjamin"
},
{
"word": "gum benzoin"
},
{
"word": "gum bichromate"
},
{
"word": "gum-boiler"
},
{
"word": "gum boot"
},
{
"word": "gumboot"
},
{
"word": "gum-bucket"
},
{
"word": "gum butea"
},
{
"word": "gum camphor"
},
{
"word": "gum-chewer"
},
{
"word": "gum-chewing"
},
{
"word": "gum cistus"
},
{
"word": "gum coolibah"
},
{
"word": "gum dammar"
},
{
"word": "gum-digger"
},
{
"word": "gum-digging"
},
{
"word": "gum dragon"
},
{
"word": "gum-drop"
},
{
"word": "gumdrop"
},
{
"word": "gum elastic"
},
{
"word": "gum elemi"
},
{
"word": "gum eraser"
},
{
"word": "gum eurphorbium"
},
{
"word": "gum-field"
},
{
"word": "gum-flowers"
},
{
"word": "gum-game"
},
{
"word": "gum guaiac"
},
{
"word": "gum-hole"
},
{
"word": "gum ivy"
},
{
"word": "gum juniper"
},
{
"word": "gum karaya"
},
{
"word": "gum kino"
},
{
"word": "gum labdanum"
},
{
"word": "gum lac"
},
{
"word": "gum-land"
},
{
"word": "gumlands"
},
{
"word": "gum lift"
},
{
"word": "gum-line"
},
{
"word": "gumline"
},
{
"word": "gummage"
},
{
"word": "gummy"
},
{
"word": "gum myrrh"
},
{
"word": "gum myrtle"
},
{
"word": "gum nut"
},
{
"word": "gum of ivy"
},
{
"word": "gum olibanum"
},
{
"word": "gum over platinum"
},
{
"word": "gum-paper"
},
{
"word": "gum passage"
},
{
"word": "gum plant"
},
{
"word": "gum-platinum"
},
{
"word": "gum pot"
},
{
"word": "gum print"
},
{
"word": "gum printing"
},
{
"word": "gum-rash"
},
{
"word": "gum-resin"
},
{
"word": "gum resin"
},
{
"word": "gum rockrose"
},
{
"word": "gum sandarac"
},
{
"word": "gum sangapenum"
},
{
"word": "gum-seal"
},
{
"word": "gum-senegal"
},
{
"word": "gumshoe"
},
{
"word": "gum silk"
},
{
"word": "gum stick"
},
{
"word": "gum-succory"
},
{
"word": "gum-sucker"
},
{
"word": "gum-taffeta"
},
{
"word": "gum-thistle"
},
{
"word": "gum thus"
},
{
"word": "gum tragacanth"
},
{
"word": "gum tree"
},
{
"word": "gum turpentine"
},
{
"word": "gum up the works"
},
{
"word": "gum water"
},
{
"word": "gum wood"
},
{
"word": "gumwood"
},
{
"word": "gum-worker"
},
{
"word": "hashab gum"
},
{
"word": "hog gum"
},
{
"word": "hog-gum"
},
{
"word": "hog gum tree"
},
{
"word": "iron gum"
},
{
"word": "karaya gum"
},
{
"word": "kauri gum"
},
{
"word": "Kordofan gum"
},
{
"word": "locust bean gum"
},
{
"word": "log gum"
},
{
"word": "mahogany gum"
},
{
"word": "manna gum"
},
{
"word": "mastic gum"
},
{
"word": "mountain gum"
},
{
"word": "Murray red gum"
},
{
"word": "natural gum"
},
{
"word": "nicotine gum"
},
{
"word": "orange gum"
},
{
"word": "Persian gum"
},
{
"word": "red gum"
},
{
"word": "red-gum"
},
{
"word": "ribbon gum"
},
{
"word": "river gum"
},
{
"word": "river red gum"
},
{
"word": "rose gum"
},
{
"word": "slum gum"
},
{
"word": "slumgum"
},
{
"word": "snappy gum"
},
{
"word": "snow gum"
},
{
"word": "sonora gum"
},
{
"word": "sour gum"
},
{
"word": "spotted gum"
},
{
"word": "spruce gum"
},
{
"word": "sterculia gum"
},
{
"word": "stick of gum"
},
{
"word": "stinking gum"
},
{
"word": "Strickland's gum"
},
{
"word": "strike me up a gum tree"
},
{
"word": "sugar gum"
},
{
"word": "sugar-gum"
},
{
"word": "swamp gum"
},
{
"word": "sweet gum"
},
{
"word": "sweet gum-tree"
},
{
"word": "sweet gum tree"
},
{
"word": "tara gum"
},
{
"word": "Tasmanian blue gum"
},
{
"word": "ungum"
},
{
"word": "up a gum tree"
},
{
"word": "walk and chew gum at the same time"
},
{
"word": "weeping snow gum"
},
{
"word": "white gum"
},
{
"word": "white gum poison"
},
{
"word": "wine gum"
},
{
"word": "wood gum"
},
{
"word": "xanthan gum"
},
{
"word": "yellow gum"
},
{
"word": "York gum"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "gomme"
},
"expansion": "Middle English gomme",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "gome"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman gome",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "gumma"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin gumma",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "cummi"
},
"expansion": "Latin cummi",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "κόμμι"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κόμμι (kómmi)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "egy",
"3": "qmy",
"4": "",
"5": "anointing oil"
},
"expansion": "Egyptian qmy (“anointing oil”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "goma",
"3": "",
"4": "rubber"
},
"expansion": "Spanish goma (“rubber”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gumma"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of gumma",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English gomme, gumme, borrowed from Anglo-Norman gome, from Late Latin gumma, from Latin cummi, gummi, from Ancient Greek κόμμι (kómmi), from Egyptian qmy (“anointing oil”), qmyt (“acanthus resin, gum”). Cognate with Spanish goma (“rubber”). Doublet of gumma.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "gum (countable and uncountable, plural gums)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "gumma"
},
{
"word": "gummatous"
},
{
"word": "gummic acid"
},
{
"word": "gummiferous"
},
{
"word": "gummite"
},
{
"word": "gummose"
},
{
"word": "gummosis"
},
{
"word": "gummosity"
},
{
"word": "gummous"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English uncountable nouns",
"en:Biochemistry",
"en:Botany"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "gum arabic",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "gum-oleo-resin",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A viscous water-soluble carbohydrate exudate of certain plants that hardens when it becomes dry, or such a substance as a component of a plant exudate."
],
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
],
[
"biochemistry",
"biochemistry"
],
[
"viscous",
"viscous"
],
[
"water-soluble",
"water-soluble"
],
[
"carbohydrate",
"carbohydrate"
],
[
"exudate",
"exudate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany, biochemistry, chiefly uncountable) A viscous water-soluble carbohydrate exudate of certain plants that hardens when it becomes dry, or such a substance as a component of a plant exudate."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"biochemistry",
"biology",
"botany",
"chemistry",
"microbiology",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "gum benzoin",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1833, John Kennedy, Geordie Chalmers; or, the Law in Glenbuckie, page 205:",
"text": "[…] becoomed wi' the gum o' the coal-hill […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any viscous or sticky substance resembling the true gum."
],
"links": [
[
"viscous",
"viscous"
],
[
"sticky",
"sticky"
],
[
"substance",
"substance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly uncountable) Any viscous or sticky substance resembling the true gum."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"Chewing gum."
],
"links": [
[
"Chewing gum",
"chewing gum"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly uncountable) Chewing gum."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Do you have a gum to spare?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2005, Zadie Smith, On Beauty, Penguin Books (2006), page 388:",
"text": "Levi unwrapped a gum and put it in his mouth.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A single piece of chewing gum."
],
"links": [
[
"chewing gum",
"chewing gum"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) A single piece of chewing gum."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"South African English"
],
"glosses": [
"A gummi candy."
],
"links": [
[
"gummi",
"gummi"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(South Africa, often in the plural) A gummi candy."
],
"tags": [
"South-Africa",
"countable",
"in-plural",
"often",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"American English",
"English dialectal terms",
"Southern US English"
],
"glosses": [
"A hive made of a section of a hollow gum tree; hence, any roughly made hive."
],
"links": [
[
"hive",
"hive"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US, dialect, Southern US) A hive made of a section of a hollow gum tree; hence, any roughly made hive."
],
"tags": [
"Southern-US",
"US",
"countable",
"dialectal",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"American English",
"English dialectal terms",
"Southern US English"
],
"glosses": [
"A vessel or bin made from a hollow log."
],
"links": [
[
"vessel",
"vessel"
],
[
"bin",
"bin"
],
[
"hollow",
"hollow"
],
[
"log",
"log"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US, dialect, Southern US) A vessel or bin made from a hollow log."
],
"tags": [
"Southern-US",
"US",
"countable",
"dialectal",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"American English",
"English dialectal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"A rubber overshoe."
],
"links": [
[
"rubber",
"rubber"
],
[
"overshoe",
"overshoe"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US, dialect) A rubber overshoe."
],
"tags": [
"US",
"countable",
"dialectal",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A gum tree."
],
"links": [
[
"gum tree",
"gum tree"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "gŭm"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡʌm/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-gum.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c8/En-us-gum.ogg/En-us-gum.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c8/En-us-gum.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌm"
},
{
"homophone": "gome"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṣamḡ",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "صَمْغ"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "xež",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"word": "խեժ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "smola",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "смола"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "klej",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "клей"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "gummi"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"word": "vaik"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"word": "kummi"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gomme"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "goma"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "resina"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kautschuk"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "kómmi",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "κόμμι"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "gloiós",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "γλοιός"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "guma"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "coa cʰəə",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"word": "ជ័រឈើ"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"word": "pia"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "teoru"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "trēowteoru"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "sakız",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"word": "ساقز"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "reçine",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"word": "رچینه"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "ratinec",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"word": "راتینج"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "angom",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"word": "انگم"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "resina"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kamedʹ",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "камедь"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "smola",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "смола"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "niryāsa",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "निर्यास"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "dravya",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "द्रव्य"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "goma"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "gummi"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"word": "kalamak"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "yaang",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"word": "ยาง"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"word": "kauçuk"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"word": "zamk"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "kamedʹ",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "камедь"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "glej",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ґлей"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "sticky substance exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gwm"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "xež",
"sense": "sticky substance resembling that exuded by certain plants",
"word": "խեժ"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "sticky substance resembling that exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "syntetgummi"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "sticky substance resembling that exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gomme"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "sticky substance resembling that exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "guma"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "yaang",
"sense": "sticky substance resembling that exuded by certain plants",
"word": "ยาง"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "gaao",
"sense": "sticky substance resembling that exuded by certain plants",
"word": "กาว"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "sticky substance resembling that exuded by certain plants",
"word": "kauçuk"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "sticky substance resembling that exuded by certain plants",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gwm"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕilka",
"sense": "single piece of chewing gum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "عِلْكَة"
},
{
"code": "acw",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "lubāna",
"sense": "single piece of chewing gum",
"tags": [
"Hijazi-Arabic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "لُبَانة"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "camon",
"sense": "single piece of chewing gum",
"word": "ծամոն"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "dǎvka",
"sense": "single piece of chewing gum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "дъвка"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "kǒuxiāngtáng",
"sense": "single piece of chewing gum",
"word": "口香糖"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "single piece of chewing gum",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "tyggegummi"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "single piece of chewing gum",
"word": "näts"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "single piece of chewing gum",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chewing-gum"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "single piece of chewing gum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "goma de mascar"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "single piece of chewing gum",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Kaugummi"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "single piece of chewing gum",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chiclete"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "single piece of chewing gum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "goma de mascar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "žvačka",
"sense": "single piece of chewing gum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "жвачка"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "single piece of chewing gum",
"word": "žuvačka"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "single piece of chewing gum",
"word": "chicle"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "single piece of chewing gum",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "tuggummi"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "màak-fà-ràng",
"sense": "single piece of chewing gum",
"word": "หมากฝรั่ง"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "žujka",
"sense": "single piece of chewing gum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "жуйка"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "humka",
"sense": "single piece of chewing gum",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "гумка"
}
],
"word": "gum"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 3-letter words",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Egyptian",
"English terms derived from Late Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Ido translations",
"Requests for review of Spanish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ʌm",
"Rhymes:English/ʌm/1 syllable",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Old English translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Footwear",
"en:Gums and resins"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "gum up"
},
{
"word": "by gum"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "gomme"
},
"expansion": "Middle English gomme",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "gome"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman gome",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "gumma"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin gumma",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "cummi"
},
"expansion": "Latin cummi",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "κόμμι"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κόμμι (kómmi)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "egy",
"3": "qmy",
"4": "",
"5": "anointing oil"
},
"expansion": "Egyptian qmy (“anointing oil”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "goma",
"3": "",
"4": "rubber"
},
"expansion": "Spanish goma (“rubber”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gumma"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of gumma",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English gomme, gumme, borrowed from Anglo-Norman gome, from Late Latin gumma, from Latin cummi, gummi, from Ancient Greek κόμμι (kómmi), from Egyptian qmy (“anointing oil”), qmyt (“acanthus resin, gum”). Cognate with Spanish goma (“rubber”). Doublet of gumma.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gums",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gumming",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gummed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "gummed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gum (third-person singular simple present gums, present participle gumming, simple past and past participle gummed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2012, Julie Hedgepeth Williams, A Rare Titanic Family: The Caldwells' Story of Survival, →ISBN, page 184:",
"text": "However, Albert said in his audiotape and in his speech that a lever designed to release the lifeboat's block and tackle was gummed up with red paint.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To apply an adhesive or gum to; to make sticky by applying a sticky substance to."
],
"links": [
[
"up",
"up#English"
],
[
"adhesive",
"adhesive"
],
[
"sticky",
"sticky"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sometimes with up) To apply an adhesive or gum to; to make sticky by applying a sticky substance to."
],
"tags": [
"sometimes",
"with-up"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Fourth, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii]:",
"text": "He frets like a gummed velvet.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To stiffen with glue or gum."
],
"links": [
[
"stiffen",
"stiffen"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1946, George Orwell, Politics and the English Language:",
"text": "It consists in gumming together long strips of words [that] have already been set in order by someone else, and making the results presentable by sheer humbug.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To inelegantly attach into a sequence."
],
"links": [
[
"together",
"together#English"
],
[
"inelegantly",
"inelegantly"
],
[
"attach",
"attach"
],
[
"sequence",
"sequence"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sometimes with together) To inelegantly attach into a sequence."
],
"raw_tags": [
"with together"
],
"tags": [
"sometimes"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English colloquialisms",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "That cheap oil will gum up the engine valves.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "The new editor can gum up your article with too many commas.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To impair the functioning of a thing or process."
],
"links": [
[
"up",
"up#English"
],
[
"impair",
"impair"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial, with up) To impair the functioning of a thing or process."
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"with-up"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "gŭm"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡʌm/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-gum.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c8/En-us-gum.ogg/En-us-gum.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c8/En-us-gum.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌm"
},
{
"homophone": "gome"
}
],
"word": "gum"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "gùm",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ha",
"2": "ideophone",
"head": "gùm",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "gùm",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ideophone",
"2": "gùm"
},
"expansion": "gùm",
"name": "ha-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Hausa",
"lang_code": "ha",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Hausa entries with incorrect language header",
"Hausa ideophones",
"Hausa lemmas",
"Hausa terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"smelling bad"
],
"links": [
[
"smell",
"smell"
],
[
"bad",
"bad"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"ideophone"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡùm/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɡʷʊ̀m]",
"note": "Standard Kano Hausa"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sùm"
}
],
"word": "gum"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "to boast, to exaggerate",
"word": "guma"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*gaumō",
"t": "attention, heed"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *gaumō (“attention, heed”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *gaumō (“attention, heed”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gums",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "is-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gumið",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gumið",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gumi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "guminu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gums",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gumsins",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "@@"
},
"expansion": "gum n (genitive singular gums, no plural)",
"name": "is-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n.sg"
},
"name": "is-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"Icelandic lemmas",
"Icelandic neuter nouns",
"Icelandic nouns",
"Icelandic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Icelandic terms with redundant head parameter",
"Icelandic uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Icelandic/ʏːm",
"Rhymes:Icelandic/ʏːm/1 syllable"
],
"glosses": [
"boasting, exaggeration"
],
"links": [
[
"boasting",
"boasting"
],
[
"exaggeration",
"exaggeration"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gort"
},
{
"word": "raup"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"no-plural"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kʏːm/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʏːm"
}
],
"word": "gum"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "gum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "gumme"
}
],
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of gumme"
],
"links": [
[
"gumme",
"gumme#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "gum"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f-p"
},
"expansion": "gum f pl",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gum"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
"Polish noun forms",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/um",
"Rhymes:Polish/um/1 syllable"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "guma"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive plural of guma"
],
"links": [
[
"guma",
"guma#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡum/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-um"
}
],
"word": "gum"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Komi:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "koi",
"2": "гум"
},
"expansion": "Komi-Permyak: гум (gum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Komi-Permyak: гум (gum)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-kya",
"2": "гум"
},
"expansion": "Komi-Yazva: гум (gum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Komi-Yazva: гум (gum)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kpv",
"2": "гум"
},
"expansion": "Komi-Zyrian: гум (gum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Komi-Zyrian: гум (gum)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "udm",
"2": "гумы"
},
"expansion": "Udmurt: гумы (gumy)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Udmurt: гумы (gumy)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Beserman: гумө (gumå)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "käämi"
},
"expansion": "Finnish käämi",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Lytkin (1970) proposes a relation with Finnish käämi.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gumj-",
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-prm-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gumjas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gumjas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gumjäs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gumjasäs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gumjän",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gumjasän",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gumtäk",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"caritive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gumjastäk",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"caritive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gumla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"consecutive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gumjasla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"consecutive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gumlän",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gumjaslän",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gumliś",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gumjasliś",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gumli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gumjasli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gumjin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gumjasin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gumjiś",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gumjasiś",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gumjä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gumjasä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gumśań",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"egressive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gumjasśań",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"egressive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gumlań",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"approximative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gumjaslań",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"approximative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gumjäʒ́",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "gumjasäʒ́",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "gumti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "gumjasti",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-prm-pro",
"2": "noun",
"3": "stem",
"4": "*gumj-"
},
"expansion": "*gum (stem *gumj-)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gumj"
},
"name": "urj-prm-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Permic",
"lang_code": "urj-prm-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Permic/gum",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Permic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Permic lemmas",
"Proto-Permic nouns",
"urj-prm-pro:Botany"
],
"glosses": [
"stalk"
],
"links": [
[
"stalk",
"stalk"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "gum"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "slr",
"2": "trk-pro",
"3": "*kum"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *kum",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "kum"
},
"expansion": "Turkish kum",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Turkic *kum. Compare to Turkish kum, etc.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gumı",
"tags": [
"possessive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gumlar",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "slr",
"2": "noun",
"3": "3rd person possessive",
"4": "gumı",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "plural",
"8": "gumlar",
"f1accel-form": "poss|s",
"f1request": "1",
"f3accel-form": "p",
"f3request": "1",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "gum (3rd person possessive gumı, plural gumlar)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gumı",
"2": "lar"
},
"expansion": "gum (3rd person possessive gumı, plural gumlar)",
"name": "slr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Salar",
"lang_code": "slr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Salar entries with incorrect language header",
"Salar lemmas",
"Salar nouns",
"Salar terms derived from Proto-Turkic",
"Salar terms inherited from Proto-Turkic"
],
"glosses": [
"sand"
],
"links": [
[
"sand",
"sand"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kum]",
"note": "Ejia, Daowei, Xunhua, Qinghai, Ili, Yining, Xinjiang"
}
],
"word": "gum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Scots entries with incorrect language header",
"Scots lemmas",
"Scots nouns",
"Scots terms derived from English",
"Scots terms with unknown etymologies"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "en",
"3": "gum"
},
"expansion": "English gum",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From English gum.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"10": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "gums",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "gum (plural gums)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gum (plural gums)",
"name": "sco-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"gum"
],
"links": [
[
"gum",
"gum#English"
]
]
}
],
"word": "gum"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Scots entries with incorrect language header",
"Scots lemmas",
"Scots nouns",
"Scots terms with unknown etymologies"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain; perhaps a specialised use of Etymology 1, above.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"10": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "gums",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "gum (plural gums)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gum (plural gums)",
"name": "sco-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"mist, vapour, haze"
],
"links": [
[
"mist",
"mist"
],
[
"vapour",
"vapour"
],
[
"haze",
"haze"
]
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gumm"
}
],
"word": "gum"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "conjunction"
},
"expansion": "gum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Scottish Gaelic conjunctions",
"Scottish Gaelic entries with incorrect language header",
"Scottish Gaelic lemmas"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I'm certain that he would be happy.",
"text": "Tha mi cinnteach gum biodh e toilichte."
}
],
"glosses": [
"that"
],
"links": [
[
"that",
"that#Conjunction"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kəm/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gu"
},
{
"word": "gun"
}
],
"word": "gum"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sux",
"2": "romanization",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "gum",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gum",
"name": "sux-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Sumerian",
"lang_code": "sux",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "gum",
"word": "𒄣"
}
],
"categories": [
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Sumerian entries with incorrect language header",
"Sumerian non-lemma forms",
"Sumerian romanizations"
],
"glosses": [
"Romanization of 𒄣 (gum)"
],
"links": [
[
"𒄣",
"𒄣#Sumerian"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "gum"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "trk-pro",
"3": "*kum",
"4": "",
"5": "sand",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *kum (“sand”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "trk-pro",
"3": "*kum",
"t": "sand"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kum (“sand”)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "kum"
},
"expansion": "Turkish kum",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kum (“sand”). Cognates with Turkish kum.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "noun",
"3": "definite accusative",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "",
"f1request": "1",
"f2request": "1",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "gum (definite accusative [please provide], plural [please provide])",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gum (definite accusative [please provide], plural [please provide])",
"name": "tk-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Turkmen",
"lang_code": "tk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for inflections in Turkmen entries",
"Turkmen entries with incorrect language header",
"Turkmen lemmas",
"Turkmen nouns",
"Turkmen terms derived from Proto-Turkic",
"Turkmen terms inherited from Proto-Turkic"
],
"glosses": [
"sand"
],
"links": [
[
"sand",
"sand"
]
]
}
],
"word": "gum"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zza",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{pl}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1sc": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "gum",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "i",
"2": "an"
},
"expansion": "gum",
"name": "zza-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Zazaki",
"lang_code": "zza",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Zazaki entries with incorrect language header",
"Zazaki lemmas",
"Zazaki nouns",
"zza:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"cheek"
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"cheek",
"cheek"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) cheek"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"word": "gum"
}
Download raw JSONL data for gum meaning in All languages combined (75.8kB)
{
"called_from": "translations/324",
"msg": "possible sense number in translation item: Ido: __IGNORE__ (3)",
"path": [
"gum"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "gum",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "translations/324",
"msg": "possible sense number in translation item: Spanish: __IGNORE__ (1,2), __IGNORE__ (3)",
"path": [
"gum"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "gum",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (c15a5ce and 5c11237). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.